108 articles - From Saturday Mar 12 2022 to Friday Mar 18 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
A United States expert consensus to standardise definitions, follow-up, and treatment targets for extra-intestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease. Consensus criteria for appropriate and optimal means of diagnosing and monitoring five EIMs have been developed as a starting point to inform clinical practice and future trial design. Key findings include straightforward diagnostic criteria, guidance regarding who can appropriately and optimally diagnose each, and monitoring options that include patient and physician-reported outcomes. These findings will be used in a national multicenter study network to optimise the management of EIMs. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
American College of Gastroenterology-Canadian Association of Gastroenterology Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets During Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding and the Periendoscopic Period. With acute GI bleeding in patients on warfarin, we could not recommend for or against PCC administration when compared with placebo. In the elective periprocedural endoscopy setting, we could not recommend for or against temporary interruption of the P2Y12 receptor inhibitor for patients on a single P2Y12 inhibiting agent. We were also unable to make a recommendation regarding same-day resumption of the drug vs 1-7 days after the procedure among patients prescribed anticoagulants (warfarin or DOACs) or P2Y12 receptor inhibitor drugs because of insufficient evidence. |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Meta-analysis: analysis of mechanistic pathways in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Evidence from a Bayesian network meta-analysis. This network analysis demonstrates the relative superiority of drugs modulating energy pathways and bile acids in NASH treatment. This guides the development and selection of drugs for combination therapies. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Defining normal pouch function in patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: a pilot study. A substantial proportion of patients with IPAA and self-reported healthy pouch function have anatomic and/or functional abnormalities of the pouch. In asymptomatic IPAA patients with an anatomically normal pouch, we have proposed normal parameters for high-resolution ano-pouch manometry, time to balloon expulsion, pouch barostat, and MR defecography. |
Lower effectiveness of intravenous steroid treatment for moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis in hospitalised patients with older onset: A multicentre cohort study. Older-onset was associated with a lower effectiveness of intravenous steroids with higher risks of surgery and adverse events in UC. |
Mild neoterminal ileal post-operative recurrence of Crohn's disease conveys higher risk for severe endoscopic disease progression than isolated anastomotic lesions. Post-operative ileal disease recurrence, not isolated anastomotic inflammation, confers increased risk for severe endoscopic disease progression. Location of CD recurrence may impact optimal management strategies. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
A Smartphone Application Using Artificial Intelligence Is Superior to Subject Self-Reporting When Assessing Stool Form. A novel smartphone application can determine BSS and other visual stool characteristics with high accuracy compared to 2 expert gastroenterologists. Moreover, trained AI was superior to subject self-reporting of BSS. AI assessments could provide more objective outcome measures for stool characterization in gastroenterology. |
Clinical indication of aspirin associated with reduced risk of liver cancer in chronic hepatitis B: A nationwide cohort study. Long-term aspirin use is significantly associated with reduced risk of HCC in chronic HBV patients. More comprehensive studies should be implemented to clarify the causal relationship. |
Optimal design of clinical trials of dietary interventions in disorders of gut-brain interaction. Collaboration with experts in nutrition and dietetics is essential for the planning phase however even with expert input not al challenges can be overcome. Researchers undertaking future dietary trials must be transparent in reporting these challenges and approaches for overcoming them. This review aims to provide guiding principles and recommendations for addressing these challenges to facilitate the conduct and reporting of high-quality trials that inform and improve clinical practice. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Development and external validation of a model to predict complex treatment after RFA for Barrett's esophagus with early neoplasia. We developed a prognostic model that identified patients with BE length =9cm and HGD/EAC and those with poor squamous regeneration as high-risk for a complex treatment course. The good performance in external validation suggests that it may be used in clinical management (NTR NL7039). |
Early symptomatic improvement after ustekinumab therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis: 16-week data from the UNIFI trial. Ustekinumab improved symptoms in patients with UC compared with placebo in as early as 7 days, indicating rapid onset of effect after induction. Clinical trial registry number and url ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02407236; |
Impact of type 2 diabetes on the accuracy of non-invasive tests of liver fibrosis with resulting clinical implications. The decrease in NIT accuracy observed in T2DM is partly biased by the different characteristics of the groups studied, but also linked to T2DM itself through modification of the levels of some NIT biomarkers. Specialized tests should be used first-line to diagnose advanced liver fibrosis in T2DM. |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
Pediatric Extrapolation Of Adult Efficacy to Children Is Critical for Efficient and Successful Drug Development. The unmet need of children with IBD necessitates the discussion and consideration of more broad application of a critical global regulatory concept of pediatric extrapolation. Drug development in pediatric IBD, leading to labeling and market authorization, should be based on extrapolation of adult efficacy data with PK exposure matching and similar PD (endoscopic endpoint) findings, as compared to adult exposure and efficacy assessments. Additional efficacy and safety data should be obtained through a combination of post-marketing long term extension studies, real world evidence and extrapolation of safety from other immunologic indications. |
Postprandial plasma lipidomics reveal specific alteration of hepatic-derived diacylglycerols in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We identified a selective insulin-related increase in hepatic secretion of endogenously-derived DAGs after a mixed meal as a unique feature of NAFLD. DAGs are known to be lipotoxic and associated with atherosclerosis. While it is still unknown whether the increased exposure to hepatic DAGs contributes to extrahepatic manifestations and cardiovascular risk in NAFLD, our study highlights the importance of extending NAFLD research beyond the fasting state. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Analysis of metastases rates during follow-up after endoscopic resection of early "high-risk" esophageal adenocarcinoma. Whereas the annual metastasis rate for high-risk submucosal EAC (3.0%) was somewhat lower than expected in comparison with previous reported percentages, the annual metastasis rate of 6.9% for high-risk intramucosal EAC is new and worrisome. This calls for further prospective studies and suggests that strict follow-up of this small subgroup is warranted until prospective data are available. |
Clinically Significant Serrated Polyp Detection Rates and Risk for Post Colonoscopy Colorectal Cancer: Data From the New Hampshire Colonoscopy Registry. Our study is the first to demonstrate a lower PCCRC risk following exams performed by endoscopists with higher CSSDR. Both CSSDR of 9% and 3 - < 9% had statistically lower risk of PCCRC than CSSDR of < 3 %. These data validate CSSDR as a clinically relevant quality measure for endoscopists. |
Improving the Tolerability and Safety of 1L Polyethylene Glycol Plus Low-dose Ascorbic Acid for Bowel Preparation in a Healthy Population: A Randomized, Multicenter Clinical Trial. 1L PEG with low-dose ASC (25%-50% reduction in dose) for bowel cleansing showed similar efficacy and safety compared with standard 1L or 2L PEG-ASC, better tolerability compared with 2L PEG-ASC, and less residual gastric fluid retention compared with standard1L PEG-ASC. |
| Hepatology |
Accurate Long-Term Prediction of Death for Patients with Cirrhosis. We developed and validated (internally and externally) a risk score to predict longer-term survival of patients with cirrhosis. This score would transform management of patients with cirrhosis in terms of referral to specialty care and treatment decision-making for non-liver related care. |
CCL5 confines liver regeneration by downregulating reparative macrophage-derived HGF in an FoxO3a dependent manner. Our findings suggest that inhibition of CCL5 is a promising strategy to improve regeneration restoration by enhancing HGF secretion from reparative macrophages via FoxO3a pathway, which may potentially reduce the mortality of post-hepatectomy liver failure. |
Immunocompromised rabbit model of chronic hepatitis E reveals liver fibrosis and distinct efficacy of different vaccination strategies. The immunocompromised rabbit model of both chronic HEV3 and HEV4 infection that was established captured the key features of chronic HEV infection in transplant patients, including liver fibrogenesis, and revealed the distinct effectiveness of vaccination administered prior to or under immunosuppression. This rabbit model is valuable for understanding the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis E, as well as for evaluating antiviral agents and vaccines. |
Improving the model for end-stage liver disease with sodium by incorporating kidney dysfunction types. This study demonstrates the feasibility and the potential for objectively-defined kidney dysfunction types to enhance the prognostication of waitlist mortality provided by the MELDNa score. |
Portal fibroblasts with mesenchymal stem cell features form a reservoir of proliferative myofibroblasts in liver fibrosis. PMSCs form a small reservoir of expansive myofibroblasts, which in interaction with neo-vessels and HSC-MFs that mainly arise via differentiation from a preexisting pool, underlie the formation of fibrotic septa in al types of liver diseases. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Artificial Intelligence Program to Predict p53 Mutations in Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Cancer or Dysplasia. Our trained CNN can be used as a reasonable alternative to conventional p53 immunohistochemical staining in the pathological diagnosis of colitis-associated neoplasia, which is accurate, saves time, and is cost-effective. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Pre and perinatal factors predicting Inflammatory Bowel Disease - a population-based study with fifty years follow-up. This population-based study identifies several pre and perinatal variables as predictors of IBD development. This information may be helpful to facilitate implementation of early diagnosis interventions and family follow-up protocols. |
| J Hepatol |
Loss of SIRT5 promotes bile acid-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment and hepatocarcinogenesis. This study uncovers a novel function of SIRT5 in orchestrating BA metabolism to prevent tumor immune evasion and suppress HCC development. Our results also suggest a potential strategy of using clinically proven BA sequestrants for the treatment of HCC patients, especially those with decreased SIRT5 and abnormally high BAs. |
Past COVID-19 and immunosuppressive regimens affect the long-term response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in liver transplant recipients. In COVID-19-naïve, the immunogenicity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was significantly lower than that in controls. MMF was the main determinant of vaccination failure in SARS-CoV-2 naïve patients. |
Transcriptional switch of hepatocytes initiates macrophage recruitment and T cell suppression in endotoxemia. Our study elucidates unanticipated aspects of the cellular and molecular effects on liver cells in endotoxemia at the single-cell level and provides a conceptual framework for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for acute infection. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Comparison of commercially available antibodies for the detection of phosphorylated alpha-synuclein in primary culture of ENS. Using D1R1R antibody together with the optimized protocol for membrane fixation may help deciphering the signaling pathways involved in enteric alpha-synuclein post-translational regulation in PD. |
Effect of percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation on mechanosensitivity, sleep, and psychological comorbidities in adolescents with functional abdominal pain disorders. We demonstrated improvements in resting and evoked pain and nausea, sleep, disability, pain catastrophizing, somatic complaints, and anxiety after four weeks of PENFS therapy. Some effects were sustained at 6-12 months post-treatment. This suggests that PENFS is a suitable alternative to pharmacologic therapy. |
Overlap of heartburn, functional dyspepsia, and irritable bowel syndrome in a population sample: Prevalence, temporal stability, and associated comorbidities. Overlap between IBS, FD, and heartburn (GERD) appears to be a distinct entity that has a profile including psychological morbidity, sleep disturbance, and elevated rates of atopy. |
Pediatric Rome IV diagnosis agreement is greater than agreement on diagnostic testing. In a multicenter evaluation among pediatric gastroenterology physicians, pediatric Rome IV diagnostic agreement was higher than that reported for previous Rome versions, and higher than agreement on diagnostic testing. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Review article: emerging insights into the immunopathology, clinical and therapeutic aspects of hepatitis delta virus. The HBV cure programme potentially offers a unique opportunity to enhance HDV treatment strategies. In addition, a more comprehensive analysis of the intrahepatic compartment is mandated to better understand any liver-confined interaction of HDV with the host immune system. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
Pregnancy-Associated Liver Diseases. Their importance lies in the significant maternal and fetal/neonatal morbidity and mortality. Expeditious diagnosis and clinical evaluation is critical to ensure timely, appropriate care and minimize risks to the pregnant woman and her fetus/baby. A multidisciplinary approach is critical including midwives, maternal-fetal-medicine specialists, anaesthetists, neonatologists and hepatologists. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Evolution and Evidence-Based Adaptations in Techniques for Per-oral Endoscopic Myotomy for Achalasia. While myotomy length for Type 1 and Type 2 achalasia has classically been >6 cm, recent studies demonstrate similar outcomes with reduction of myotomy length to <3cm. Length of myotomy for type 3 achalasia has been tailored to treat the entire length of spastic muscle segment, and the modality to gauge the optimal thickness and length of myotomy in this group has yet to be established. In addition to changes in POEM technique, the post-operative management of POEM has also changed, favoring reduced post-procedure imaging, antibiotic use, and hospitalizations. |
| Gut |
Cancer pharmacomicrobiomics: targeting microbiota to optimise cancer therapy outcomes. We further discuss the current limitations of gut microbiota modulation in patients with cancer and suggest essential directions for future study. In the era of personalised medicine, it is crucial to understand the microbiota and its interactions with cancer. Manipulating the gut microbiota to augment cancer therapeutic responses can provide new insights into cancer treatment. |
| Hepatology |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Aging of enteric neuromuscular systems in gastrointestinal tract. There is also evidence that the aging contributes to phenotypic changes in innate immune cells, which are physically and functionally linked to other cells in the tunica muscularis and can alter GI (patho) physiology. However, various patterns of changes have been reported, some of which are contradictory, indicating a need for additional work in this area. Purpose Although GI infection due to intestinal bacterial overgrowth, bleeding, and cancers are also important and common problems in the elderly patients, this mini-review focuses on data obtained from enteric neuromuscular aging research with the goal of better understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of enteric neuromuscular aging to enhance future therapy. |
Long-term personalized low FODMAP diet in IBS. However, concerns have been raised as restricting fermentable carbohydrates might result in nutritional deficits or alter composition and function of the gut microbiome in the long term. The study by Staudacher et al., published in this issue of the journal, is the first prospective study to follow IBS patients after completing al three phases of the low FODMAPs diet (restriction, reintroduction, and personalization), demonstrating that this is safe and effective in long-term, when patients are supervised by a dietician. This mini-review provides an up-to-date overview of the use of fermentable carbohydrate's restrictions for symptom management in IBS patients, while summarizing the current knowledge on the possible mechanisms of action behind low fermentable carbohydrate diet efficacy. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| J Hepatol |
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Hepatology |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |